I don't know exactly how Apple runs their administration, but do they constantly hire upper level management from outside the company? Or do they constantly hire people to middle and lower level positions, let them show their talent and then promote appropriately? Apple is also an interesting example/parallel relative to the Twins. It will be interesting to see how they respond to losing their leader and if they can continue to stay in the same leading position. I'm not a huge follower of new technology, but I seem to recall some hits and some misses since Jobs passed away. Will they remain in their dominant position? Also, while th article is interesting, baseball is a unique industry. There is a set number of firms (30 franchises) that produces an unchanging product (baseball teams) under very controlled regulations (CBA). In this circumstance I think there is potential value to be gained from being a stable organization that promotes from within, as sort of a counter to other models. There are things I would like to see different from the Twins, but some of the losses that occur from those practices can be made up for by gains realized from their current model. I also think that they Twins are more flexible than people give them credit for, they just don't go out of their way to tell everyone about it.