Sometimes unions hold back the ability for people to be paid for their performance. Teaching is a perfect example of this - not that pay for performance is the way to go either, but we damn sure need to better hold people accountable. A lot of bad teachers collecting the same checks the good ones are. As for your larger point - it's true that the substandard wages in social services hurt. The problem still stands that much of the funding that goes to these programs is horribly wasted - we overly regulate some ways these entities act but then we horribly ignore regulations on many of the cost controls. Which is really a double-pounding to many of the non-profits or social services organizations. The left-wing "blank check" approach to funding forces regulations, but since the "don't shoot the bunny!" argument prevent funding conversations - we over-regulate conduct instead to "ensure" that we're "getting our money's worth". It's horribly circular. I get the performance/union issue, but it'd be nice to move from one state to another, or even one town to another with consistent idea of what benefits for a job look like. $25K in my area of the world is a passable entry salary, but it'd never suffice in the Twin Cities. Of course, that doesn't state whether health insurance, vacation, etc. are provided in a standard way from one similar job to another. The other issue is that it's not the same on a federal level. What Nebraska's standards are for mental health care are different than South Dakota's or Minnesota's or Iowa's, and the proximity of those states says there are more than a few people who will move from one to the other in their lifetimes that are receiving mental health services. I work for a level of mental health services that exists only in 5 other states in the same level of intensity provided. It's ridiculous how fractured the system is on a national level and why truly helping those receiving services make honest efforts in change toward independent living is so difficult. Social Security has offered some solid programs, but there's a tremendous fear out there because of what's known as the "cliff" where SSI benefits discontinue alongside income and where a person needs to be to make up for where they were $1 before the benefits discontinued. The amount is right around $1,200 per month of gross pay, nothing amazing, but a decent wage, and there are still some benefits provided at that point (along with medical coverage). Moving to $1,201 makes that salary the only thing they can use. That's just a for instance, and I completely grasp that someone could live decently off of $1200 per month, but it's an example of some of the stuff out there and where the holes in the system really are.