No, a bad BABIP won't doom you as a pitcher... in the short term. As we saw with Nick Blackburn, that rarely holds up over time. Johan Santana and pitchers of his calibre tend to do well because they put fewer balls in play and they don't issue free passes, two things that aren't shown in BABIP. And, as you said, there's a difference in batted ball profiles. Johan isn't allowing good contact and he's not walking people so it's hard to score runs. If you're batting .280 and hitting singles with no one on base, it's pretty hard to score runs. If you're batting .280, getting a walk an inning, and hitting line drive gappers, you're gonna score runs. But generally, every pitcher is going to give up hits on 27-30% of balls in play.